Dreams about water: Jung, traditions and semiotics
This is not a dream dictionary. Each perspective below names where it comes from; traditions are shown side by side, not merged into one meaning.
Also covers: Sea, River, Lake
Start with yourself
Was the water clear or muddy, still or rising? Which water in your own life — a place, a swim, a flood — does it bring back first?
Jung · The unconscious
Jung called water the most common image for the unconscious: something deep, below the surface, that we can look into but not see through.
Were you above the water, in it, or watching it rise? How close does it feel to something you are not looking at directly?
C. G. Jung, “Archetypes of the Collective Unconscious”, Collected Works 9i
Traditions, side by side
Classical Chinese medicine Historical medicine
The Lingshu pairs dream images with the balance of yin and yang: when yin is excessive, one “dreams of wading through great water, and is afraid”. This is a historical theory about the body, not medical advice and not a way to diagnose anything.
Huangdi Neijing, Lingshu ch. 43 “Yinxie Fameng”
Hebrew Bible; Babylonian myth Myth & scripture
Several creation stories begin with primordial water — “darkness was upon the face of the deep” in Genesis, the fresh-water Apsu in the Babylonian Enuma Elish. Here water is what exists before order.
Genesis 1:2; Enuma Elish I
Chinese poetry Literature
Li Bai ends his famous dream-journey poem by waking and concluding that “all things since antiquity flow east like water” — water as time that does not return.
Li Bai, “Dreaming of Tianmu” (c. 745)
Semiotics: how an image comes to mean
Following C. S. Peirce, an image can work as a sign in three ways:
- Icon — by resemblance
Does the water look like one you have actually seen? Could it simply be a copy of a memory? - Index — by connection
Could the water point to an actual cause — a bodily sensation, a sound in the room, something that happened that day? - Symbol — by convention
Does the water mean what it means by convention — an idiom, a saying, a family phrase? Would it still mean that in another language or culture?
C. S. Peirce, Collected Papers 2.247–249 (icon, index, symbol)
C. G. Jung, Psychological Types (1921), “Definitions: Symbol” — a sign stands for something known, a symbol for something not yet fully known
Ellis (1911), ch. II, on verbal links between dream images
Exploration notes, not a diagnosis, a prediction, or evidence of real events.
Recorded dreams with water
- Seven lean cows Egypt (narrative setting) · undated (text c. 6th c. BCE)
- A rope of women’s hair Erythrae, Ionia · archaic period (as told)
- As in a mirror, as in a dream Ancient India · c. 5th c. BCE (text)
- The fetters fell from my legs River Centrites, Anatolia · 401 BCE
- Was it a dream that I saw? Forest (epic setting) · c. 4th c. BCE–4th c. CE (epic)
- My father sinking into a lake of mire Ayodhya (setting) · c. 5th–4th c. BCE (epic)
- The land of Huaxu Legendary China · legendary; text compiled c. 4th century CE
- Build a city under the plane-tree Mount Pagus, Smyrna (İzmir) · 334 BCE (as told)
- Meeting a god by the great marsh Pei (Xuzhou), China · c. 257 BCE (as told)
- Four great beasts from the sea Babylon · narrative set c. 6th c. BCE
- The great fish with a hook in its mouth Chang’an, China · c. 120 BCE (as told)
- The cave where Sleep lives Land of the Cimmerians (myth) · c. 8 CE (poem)
- Morpheus wears the drowned husband’s face Trachis, Thessaly (myth) · c. 8 CE (poem)
- The ocean spoke to him Rome, Italy · c. 37–41 CE
- Come over into Macedonia, and help us Troas, Asia Minor · c. 49 (narrative)
- Climbing a ladder to touch the sky Luoyang, China · c. 95 (as told)
- Isis rose out of the sea Cenchreae, near Corinth · c. 170 CE (novel)
- The island that kept backing away Imaginary sea voyage · c. 170 CE (satire)
- My friend fell into the river over a gambling debt Zhejiang River, China · 3rd–4th century
- Ten men in black begging for their lives Jinyang, China · 4th century (Jin)
- Move me to high, dry ground Dantu (Zhenjiang), China · late 4th century
- Two boats joined, rising to heaven Yangzi River, China · c. 400
- The sun fell into the water Feicheng, Shandong, China · c. 500 (Northern Wei)
- Flying across Mirror Lake by moonlight Donglu (Shandong) → Zhejiang, China · c. 745
- Carried up out of a well Chang’an, China · c. 750
- My old friend entered my dream Qinzhou (Gansu), China · 759
- Looking down at nine wisps of smoke Tang China · c. 810
- Fell in the river, boots still dry Chang’an, China · c. 810
- I dreamed of you three times last night Jiangzhou (Jiujiang), China · c. 815
- I dream only of strangers, not of you Tongzhou (Dazhou), China · c. 815
- I dreamed I was the fish Shanyin (Shaoxing), China · 837
- The shoe I lost in the dream Chang’an, China · c. 870
- Swallowing pearls in the stream Nankang, Jiangxi, China · c. 880
- My wife wrote me a poem in the dream Chengcheng, Shaanxi, China · c. 880
- Into the water with three knives Guangling (Yangzhou), China · c. 890
- He woke on the far side of the sea Lanka (story setting) · c. 1070 (compiled)
- A Vetāla threw him into the sea India (story setting) · c. 1070 (compiled)
- At West Lake, knowing it was a dream Huangzhou (Huanggang), China · c. 1080–1084
- My dream-soul returned to the Lord of Heaven Southern Song China · c. 1130
- Iron cavalry, silent as water Shu (Sichuan), China · c. 1173
- Armoured horses on frozen rivers Shanyin (Shaoxing, Zhejiang), China · 4th day of the 11th lunar month, 1192
- The Dragon King begged the emperor for his life Chang’an (setting) · c. 1592 (novel); set 7th c.
- What pain it was to drown London, England · c. 1593 (play)
- A statue running with blood Rome (setting) · 1599 (play); set 44 BCE
- Into the Land of Illusion Beijing, China · c. 1760 (novel)
- The sea paved with faces Grasmere, England · c. 1817–1819
- Never cross the large lake Great Lakes region · traditional (recorded c. 1820s–1850s)
- A canoe with ten paddles ready Great Lakes region · traditional (recorded c. 1820s–1850s)
- Go back, your time has not yet come Great Lakes region · traditional (recorded c. 1820s–1850s)
- An island that would come to us Great Lakes region · traditional (recorded c. 1820s–1850s)
- Four nights of flying from a cliff Minnesota River · c. 1860s (told)
- A living globe made of drops Russia · 1869 (novel)
- A cup that was never empty Great Basin, western US · traditional (recorded 1870s)
- Seeing Rome from the train, never entering Vienna, Austria · c. 1897
- Floating on warm, transparent lakes Paris, France · c. 1900
- Coming up the Thames London, England · before 1911
- Testing whether the water was hot England · before 1911
- A parody by the goose-pond Montserrat, Spain · before 1911
- The dog in the old mangle England · before 1911
- I jumped into the sea and regretted it Tokyo, Japan · 1908
- Swimming out with the teacher to a wedding Switzerland · c. 1910
- A crab hidden in the ford Zurich, Switzerland · c. 1916